Existing and New Processes for Beneficiation of Indian …

The flotation studies of the ore containing ~ 38% Fe showed that at an Aliquat-336 concentration of 8.26×10 −5 M; 64.1% of Fe with 60.3% Fe recovery could be achieved at slightly alkaline pH. Hydrogen bonding and electrostatic attraction between Aliquat-336 and quartz were found to be responsible for the collector–mineral attachment.

A review of zinc oxide mineral beneficiation using flotation …

A mixture of amines and xanthates can also be used as a mixed collector for smithsonite flotation [33]. A new line of collectors [36] ... Physicochemical studies of smithsonite flotation using mixed anionic/cationic collector. Miner Eng, 20 (2007), pp. 621-624. View PDF View article View in Scopus Google Scholar

Study on Sulfide Layer Attenuation Behavior of Smithsonite …

The surface modification of smithsonite with Pb ions is an effective method to improve the sulfidization-xanthate flotation process. In the present study, NH3·H2O was employed to enhance Pb ion ...

The effect of reagents on selective flotation of smithsonite…

Microflotation studies. Fig. 1 shows the flotation recoveries of smithsonite, calcite and quartz as a function of pH with 500 g/t Armac C and oleate collectors. The flotation of smithsonite with Armac C commences at pH 8. A rise in pH from 8 to 11.5 improves flotation and at an optimum pH of about 11 smithsonite recovery is 82%.

Effect of Ethylenediamine on Smithsonite Flotation

Flotation Study of Smithsonite. The results with addition of ethylenediamine as activator on micro-flotation recovery rate of smithsonite was given in Fig. 2.It showed that the optimum concentration of ethylenediamine was 6 × 10 −3 mol/L, and the corresponding recovery rate was 91.07% with dodecylamine-hydrochloride being …

Effect of lead ions on the sulfidization flotation of smithsonite …

A new and effective activation method for the sulfidization flotation of smithsonite is therefore required; however, the development of such a method has proved challenging. In this study, the effect of lead ions on the sulfidization flotation of smithsonite was determined by flotation experiments using sodium butyl xanthate …

Effect of lead ions on the sulfidization flotation of smithsonite …

Micro-flotation experiment results show that smithsonite starts floating after treatment with a low S concentration of 5 × 10 ⁻⁵ mol/L, while excellent flotation was obtained following ...

Recent process developments in beneficiation and …

An example of industrial production is the flotation of bastnaesite from Mountain Pass ores. 61 In a flotation experiment of bastnaesite using sodium oleate, the maximum floatability occurred at pH 9, 73 while another study reported that the optimum pH value ranged from 4 to 8. 74 These different results may be due to differences in the …

The application and mechanism of degradable activator …

Under weak alkaline conditions, the flotation recovery of smithsonite was elevated from 36.7 % to 95.7 % with the presence of Trp (1.5 mol/L), achieving the best activation effect on smithsonite flotation. Mechanism studies revealed that amino acids reacted vigorously with Zn atoms on the surface of smithsonite with a reaction energy of −498. ...

A density functional based tight binding (DFTB+) study on …

Therefore, a sulfidization model involving coordination and flotation medium is needed to be considered to reflect the real process of cerussite flotation. In present study, basing on the coordination chemistry of mineral flotation, the sulfidization model of a PbS film forming on PbCO 3 surface was established using the density functional ...

Effect of solution chemistry on the flotation system of smithsonite …

1. Introduction. Smithsonite (ZnCO 3) is one of the major sources of zinc oxide.As the primary source of zinc, sphalerite is steadily getting depleted. To meet the future zinc market demand, it is significant to process low grade oxidized zinc ores for a marketable product (Ejtemaei et al., 2011, Irannajad et al., 2009, Kashani and Rashchi, …

A review of zinc oxide mineral beneficiation using flotation …

Shi and co-workers [20] used anionic collector for flotation of smithsonite. According to their results, smithsonite showed high floatability using sodium oleate as collector between pH 7.0 and 8.0. By increasing pH, smithsonite flotation recovery decreased from 80% to about 30% at pH 9.5 [20].

Effect of lead ions on the sulfidization flotation of …

•. A new component (PbS) formed on the smithsonite surface after lead ion activation. •. The formation of PbS promotes sodium butyl xanthate adsorption. •. Lead …

The surface dissolution process of smithsonite and …

This investigation advances a novel mechanism for comprehending the impact of the surface dissolution processes on the flotation behaviour of smithsonite of …

Contribution of ammonium ions to sulfidation-flotation of smithsonite

Request PDF | Contribution of ammonium ions to sulfidation-flotation of smithsonite | Sulfidation-flotation is commonly performed to recover base metal oxide ores. Sulfidation could become the key ...

Smithsonite Flotation from Zinc Oxide Ore using …

At the mixture ratio of Armac C:Armac T, 1:6, the collectors' consumption are decreased significantly and an optimal concentrate with 94.4% recovery and 42.3% Zn grade is …

Study on regulators of purifying magnesite ore by …

The results show that KD-1 can significantly improve the separation effect during reverse flotation. When the dosage of KD-1 is 1500 g/t, the amount of collector can be saved, and the...

Adsorption of Fe(III) on smithsonite surfaces and implications for

In this study, guar gum was successfully employed as depressant for calcite during the smithsonite flotation, and its function mechanism were studied by micro flotation, and X-ray photoelectron ...

(PDF) Smithsonite Flotation from Zinc Oxide Ore …

Flotation of smithsonite from tailing coming from a cerussite flotation circuit was investigated using Armac C and Armac T as alkyl amine acetate collectors.

Enhanced adsorption of sulfide and xanthate on smithsonite …

Compared with direct flotation using only xanthate, presulfidization can improve the floatability of a zinc oxide mineral, but ideal flotation recovery is still difficult to achieve. In a previous study by this group, the maximum flotation recovery of smithsonite did not exceed 60 % when collection by xanthate after sulfidization was used [20 ...

Characterization of sulfide film on smithsonite surface …

Beneficiation of zinc from low-grade oxidized zinc ores has become the focus of recent studies. Sulfidation is an important process to recover zinc from oxidized zinc ores in flotation.Although some studies have reported on the sulfidation-flotation of smithsonite, the effect of sulfide ions on sulfide film thickness remains unknown when …

Contribution of ammonium ions to sulfidation-flotation of smithsonite

The flotation recovery of smithsonite as a function of the NaIX concentration in the absence and presence of different ammonium ions concentrations with 1 × 10 −3 M Na 2 S·9H 2 O as a sulfurizing agent and 1 × 10 −3 M CuSO 4 ·5H 2 O as an activator is shown in Fig. 2.The flotation recovery of smithsonite with 1 × 10 −3 M Na 2 S·9H 2 O …

Improved Understanding of the Sulfidization Mechanism in …

With the exhaustion of zinc sulfide resources, nonsulfide deposits are increasing in economic importance. Smithsonite is a typical nonsulfide zinc mineral, commonly referred to as "zinc oxide" mineral [1,2,3,4].Many flotation methods employed for recovering zinc oxide minerals have been studied and applied, which involves pre …

Selective adsorption of 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1

This study validated the effectiveness of HEDP in separating smithsonite from calcite by flotation using sodium oleate (NaOL) as the collector, and obtained a 70% recovery difference in a single mineral flotation. Artificial mixed mineral flotation obtained a concentrate with a grade of 44% and a recovery of more than 80%.

The role of S(II) and Pb(II) in xanthate flotation of smithsonite

In this study, we systematically investigated the effect of Pb 2+ on the surface hydrophobicity and flotation behavior of sulfidized smithsonite in xanthate flotation. The smithsonite floatability was enhanced when Pb 2+ was present in the pulp after sulfidization, and the flotation recovery increased from 50.05% to 82.88%.

Characterization of sulfide film on smithsonite surface …

The results correspond well with flotation studies. This observation indicates that increase of S concentration in the solution can promote S adsorption onto the smithsonite surface, which may facilitate smithsonite flotation. 3.3. Characterization of zeta potential on smithsonite surface. Smithsonite is a semi-soluble salt mineral of …

The effect of reagents on selective flotation of smithsonite…

Flotation results using oleic acid revealed that the maximum recovery of 90% occurs at pH 9 and 500 g/t oleic acid. Also, the quartz and calcite recoveries reached 26% and 87%, respectively, in ...

The application and mechanism of degradable activator …

All tested amino acids including Trp, Phe, Gly, Ser, and Leu significantly improved the floatability of smithsonite. Under weak alkaline conditions, the flotation recovery of smithsonite was elevated from 36.7 % to 95.7 % with the presence of Trp (1.5 mol/L), achieving the best activation effect on smithsonite flotation. Mechanism studies

The effect of reagents on selective flotation of smithsonite…

The effects of various cationic collectors are shown in Fig. 2.In the flotation with Armac C, with 500 g/t sodium sulphide at pH 11, increasing Armac C concentration increases smithsonite recovery rapidly to 92% and after which it decreased.This reduction could be attributed to the depression of smithsonite due to the low pulp potential …

Flotation separation of smithsonite from calcite using 2

Flotation tests indicated that calcite flotation was significantly depressed, whereas the smithsonite flotation was barely affected. Zeta potential analysis showed that SP adsorbed stronger on ...