Subsurface damage in grinding of brittle materials

Machining-induced damage severely affects surface and subsurface integrity in grinding of brittle materials. In this paper, a predictive model of subsurface damage (SSD) is proposed that takes into account grinding parameters and spindle dynamics. Results show that the grinding depth affects SSD, and the model neglecting …

Rotational grinding of silicon wafers—sub-surface damage …

Grinding utilises the increasing wafer size and more stringent quality requirements in becoming an increasingly attractive solution versus lapping, both cost- and quality-wise. Various inspection methods have been used to characterise the surface condition and sub-surface damage in machined silicon [1], [2], [3], [4].

Investigation of subsurface damages and surface roughness in grinding

Subsurface damages and surface roughness are the two significant parameters which determine the efficiency of optical components. In this study, a cup diamond wheel is used in grinding process of the specimens made of Zerodur ® glass–ceramic, to investigate the influences of grinding parameters on the SSD and …

Evaluation of grinding parameters on the surface and sub …

Prediction of the depth of sub-surface damage (SSD) that has occurred allows the optimal reduction or even elimination of sub-surface defects in the finish grinding stage. This research aimed to comprehensively investigate the multifaceted …

Analysis of surface and subsurface damage of micro …

The distribution and characteristics of surface cracking (i.e., sub-surface damage or SSD) formed during standard grinding processes have been measured on fused silica glass using a surface taper ...

Materials | Free Full-Text | Sub-Surface Analysis of …

The aim of this study was to find out whether regular surface-sensitive BN measurement is also sensitive to the stresses below the surface caused by grinding burns. More specifically, the aim was to …

Surface characterization of austenitic stainless steel 304L …

Grinding operations. A Chevalier FSG-2A618 grinding machine was used for the grinding operations; the set-up is shown in Fig. 2.As shown in the figure, grinding belts (50 mm in width, 473 mm in length) with conventional aluminum oxide grits were mounted on the grinding wheel and test coupons (400 × 150 × 2mm) were fixed by …

Surface and subsurface integrity in diamond grinding of …

Usually to realize this a super fine abrasive metal-bonded diamond-grinding wheel must be used together with electrolytic in-process dressing (ELID), and also, an ultra-precision machine tool with high loop stiffness is a must for ductile machining of optical glasses to guarantee the minimized surface and subsurface damages [1]. In addition ...

The Ultimate Guide to Surface Grinding Machines

The Ultimate Guide to surface grinding machines Introduction In the world of manufacturing, surface grinding machines play a crucial role in achieving precision and smoothness. These machines are used to remove excess material from the surface of workpieces, ensuring that they are flat and dimensionally accurate. In this …

Subsurface damage in grinding of brittle materials

Machining-induced damage severely affects surface and subsurface integrity in grinding of brittle materials. In this paper, a predictive model of subsurface …

Grinding machines | JUNG

Here we present our modern surface and profile grinding machines for high precision and surface quality. JUNG offers a wide range of possible applications.

Experimental investigation of surface/subsurface damage …

Grinding experiments were performed on an 'ELLIOTT 8-18' Hydraulic surface-grinding machine. A resin bond diamond-grinding wheel, with an average grit size of 121 μm was used (with a diamond concentration of ).The wheel has a diameter of 250 mm and a width of 19 mm.The work material used for this investigation was SiC.

Methods for Detection of Subsurface Damage: A Review

Due to the ever-increasing requirement for better surface integrity of mechanical and optical parts, the tolerance for surface and subsurface damage is …

Role of microstructure on surface and subsurface damage …

The effects of grinding parameters on surface and subsurface damage of SiC ceramics have been reported without microstructure consideration [2]. Oscar et al. [19], [20], [21] have conducted experiments to improve sliding-wear resistance in liquid-phase-sintered SiC by introducing elongated grains into to the ceramics. An interlocking …

Material removal and surface generation mechanisms in …

High-efficiency precision grinding can shorten the machining cycle of aspheric optical elements by a factor of 2–10. To achieve this objective, ultrasonic vibration (UV)–assisted grinding (UVG) has been increasingly applied to manufacture aspheric optics. However, the mechanisms of material removal and surface formation in UV …

BoX® Optics Grinder | Loxham Precision

Grinding capability; Overall machine size; Work-piece capacity. Maximum diameter: 1200, 1600 or 2200 mm. Maximum height (including fixture): 600 mm. Maximum mass (including fixture): 1000 kg. Grinding capability. Maximum material removal rate: ... Sub surface damage: < 0.01 mm. Maximum surface slope: +/- 20°

Surface Grinding Machine: Definition, Parts, …

The advantages of the Surface Grinding Machine are as follows. A high surface finish can be produced. It can produce a smooth surface on metallic and non-metallic surfaces also. No skilled operator is required. …

Rotary Surface Grinder

The Rotary Surface Grinder. Our machines with variable feed technology give a better surface finish and better accuracy. We have 5 models of Ajax Rotary Surface Grinding Machines with working areas up to 650 mm diameter. These machines come as standard with auto lubrication. Standard items include, grinding wheel & flange, wheel balancing …

Effect of grinding wheel spindle vibration on surface roughness …

Grinding forces and surface integrity (surface roughness, surface topography and subsurface damages) induced by different micro grinding parameters and micro-grinding of an inclined workpiece are ...

Surface Grinding Machines

Semco Surface Grinding Machine. Semco surface grinding machines offer an affordable solution to high precision surface grinding with chuck sizes from 500 to 1,600 mm. With various down feed options from manual feed, step feed and fully automated PLC feed these machines can do it all. We also include a digital readout to the cross and …

Surface Grinding Machine: Types, Parts & …

The surface grinder opens up new possibilities because it could allow you to harden the things you make and machine them to a much closer tolerance. A surface grinder is an outstanding cut-off the instrument for …

6" x 12" Surface Grinder with Stand

Precision grinding perfect for the small tool room and metalworking enthusiast. The G5963 6" x 12" Surface Grinder allows you to resurface metallic workpieces to create high-tolerance flat surfaces. Grinding …

Investigation of subsurface damages and surface roughness in grinding

Investigation of subsurface damages and surface roughness in grinding process of Zerodur® glass–ceramic

32HAD-60 Blanchard Surface Grinder by Bourn & Koch, Inc.

The Blanchard 32HAD-60 is designed for precision grinding of parts up to 72″ in diameter. Capable of holding high tolerances for flatness and parallelism, Blanchard surface grinders are used across numerous industries to provide accurate results for a variety of medium and large-sized workpieces. The new 32HAD-60 Blanchard Surface Grinder.

Subsurface damage detection and prediction of thin-walled …

A self-developed four-axis triaxial machine tool is utilized for the grinding and polishing of the HSR, as shown in Fig. 1 (a). The grinding and polishing station is depicted in Fig. 1 (b). During the machining process, the positions of the Z-axis and U-axis are adjusted to ensure that the center of the tool remains constant while the grinding wheel and polishing tool …

Models of grinding-induced surface and subsurface

The cross section was first polished to a mirror finish by a polishing-grinding machine (MoPao 2DE, WEIYI Testing Instrument), then was etched with solutions of HF/HNO ... The comprehensive characterizations of surface and subsurface quality would be also research focus. More advanced testing instrument would be used, such as …

Experimental investigation of surface/subsurface damage …

The effects of grinding conditions on surface/subsurface damage have been discussed. This research links the surface roughness, surface and subsurface …

Surface and subsurface damage of laser assisted grinding …

The cutting force is one of important variable in grinding process, which can be used to study the machinability of different materials such as deformation and surface finish quality [10], [44].And low cutting forces are desired to acquire good finished surface quality [45]. Fig. 2 shows the variation of the cutting forces of CrCoNi MEA with different …

Study on micro-grinding mechanism and surface and …

Abstract. A finite element model of single abrasive grinding was established to analyze the material removal during the grinding process and analyze the surface …

Surface and subsurface microscopic characteristics in …

The subsurface damage in rough grinding appeared as a brittle fracture of block material spalling under the action of larger abrasive grains, which was the consequence of the extension of lateral cracks to the grinding surface. The subsurface damage of both rough grinding and ultra-precision grinding was dominated by median …