Comparison of Underground Coal Mining Methods …
Underground Coal Mining Methods Based on Life Cycle Assessment. Front. Earth Sci. 10:879082. doi: 10.3389/feart.2022.879082 ... For a long time, coal mining in China has generally
Underground Mining Methods Handbook
Underground Mining Methods Handbook W. A. Hustrulid, Techniques in Underground Mining Society for Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration (U.S.),1998 This 800+ page book contains a wealth of information for mining students and industry professionals. It consists of selected material from the out-of-print industry standard, …
Coal-mining technology in China
UNDERGROUND MINING China's output of coal from underground mining amounted to about 700 million tons in 1983, the largest output in the world. Mining methods vary according to the geological structure of a particular coal seam. The longwall method is used most often, however, to mine gently dipping and dipping coal seams.
Underground Mining Methods—Engineering Fundamentals and International
Underground mining is a process by which the naturally occurring mineral deposits are extracted from the earth's crust by employing various mining methods (supported, unsupported, and caving ...
Concurrent mining and reclamation for underground coal mining
Large scale underground mining of coal resources in China using longwall mining has resulted in ecological and environment problems, including surface subsidence that is considered serious due to competing interests of prime agricultural lands, food security, and regional economic development. The subsided lands must be rehabilitated …
Moving towards deep underground mineral …
Current underground mining methods can be classified into three main groups, namely: (a) naturally-supported, (b) artificially-supported, and (c) unsupported (Fig. 3; Brady and Brown, 2006). Naturally-supported mining methods leave a portion of …
Ecological-Based Mining: A Coal–Water–Thermal
At present, over 70% of China's coal production is centralized in ecologically fragile regions in western China—a consequence of the depletion of shallow coal resources in the middle east (Fig. 1) [1].The structure of underground aquifers is directly damaged by the intensive mining, with the ratio of groundwater damage to coal mining being …
(PDF) Underground Mining (Mining Method)
Mai-duo Shan Coal Mine, with 3.0 Mt/a production capacity, is located in southern part of Lingwu coal field 80 km away from Yinchuan city, China. The longwall mining method was used and the whole ...
Research Progress on Mining with Backfill …
Mining with backfill has been used extensively in underground metal mines which is an important way to conduct the green and low-carbon mining operation. Backfill technologies can achieve both …
A review on the mechanism, risk evaluation, and prevention …
Because deep underground mining methods are commonly adopted in Chinese coal mines, coupling disasters are frequent in these mines with the coalfield fires becoming increasingly serious. ... Grouting fire prevention and control technology is widely used and effective method in China's coal mines. The traditional grouting material is …
Innovation for sustainable mining: Integrated planning of underground …
Coal is the primary energy, generating 37% of the global electricity and more than 70% of steel (WCA, 2020).In China, ∼56% of energy and over 70% of electricity are produced by coal (Xie et al., 2019; Xu et al., 2017), with 85% of coal from underground coal mining (UCM) (Li et al., 2021).In 2021, the global coal output was 7.889 billion tons, …
A novel method for estimating methane emissions from underground coal
For example, it is unsuitable to adopt the overground drilling method for methane confined to the low permeability coal seams and poor integrity of their primary structure in most regions of China. Therefore, before mining, underground pre-drainage is used to minimize the methane content and pressure of coal seam, thus decreasing both …
Improving mine reclamation efficiency for farmland sustainable use
Ground control aims to control or slow down surface subsidence by adjusting mining methods to eliminate or reduce the environmental damage caused by mining from the source, including backfilling mining, strip mining and coordinated mining, etc. ... The spatial distribution and expansion of subsided wetlands induced by …
Backfilling Technology of Substituting Waste and Fly Ash …
Currently, goaf filling mining method mainly includes longwall backfilling mining method (Krupnik et al., 2013; Huang et al., 2011; Guo et al., 2011) and roadway backfilling mining method ...
Overview of Underground Metalliferous Mining | SpringerLink
The plan and sectional view of the mining method used at this mine ... (2018) Concurrent mining and reclamation for underground coal mining subsidence impacts in China. Int J Coal Sci Technol 5(1):18–35. ... Kellogg, Idaho. In: Underground mining methods handbook, pp 744–748. Google Scholar TERI (2019) Exploration and …
The Recent Progress China Has Made in the Backfill …
The backfill mining method is a widely used mining method in the major mines of China, which can maximize the recovery of mineral resources and protect the environment.
(PDF) Underground mining Methods
Soft rock Mining Methods. Blast mining. Shortwall mining. Coal Skimming (or Sink and Float) method. Hard rock Mining Methods. Stoping. 1) Room and pillar. 2) Bench and Fill (B & F) stoping. 3) Cut ...
Concurrent mining and reclamation for underground …
Large scale underground mining of coal resources in China using longwall mining has resulted in ecological and environment problems, including surface …
Frontiers | Comparison of Underground Coal Mining …
For a long time, coal mining in China has generally adopted the longwall mining technology system of digging the return roadway in advance at both ends of the return workings and leaving sections of coal …
How Is Graphite Extracted? | Sciencing
By David Stewart. Graphite is a natural form of carbon characterized by its hexagonal crystalline structure. It is extracted using both open pit and underground mining methods. Although the naturally occurring ore is abundantly found and mined in many countries, including the U.S., the largest producer of graphite is China, followed by India.
Life cycle assessment of underground coal mining in China
Abstract. Coal is not only the main fossil fuel in China but also a pollution source. To evaluate the impact of coal production on the environment, a life cycle assessment (LCA) was conducted on the mining process of a typical coal mine in China by using the SimaPro 9.0.0 software. The Ecoinvent v3 database was used to provide the …
Beginners' Guide to Cut and Fill Mining Method
The mine's depth will be determined and a surface waste storage area scoped out. Local environmental considerations must also be taken into effect. Cut-and-fill mining is often considered a versatile method because it carries less risk of surface collapse than some other underground techniques. 2. Surveying Waste Rock.
The Recent Progress China Has Made in the Backfill …
The backfill mining method is one of the earliest methods adopted by non-ferrous and precious metal mines because it can maximize the recovery of underground mineral resources and protect the surface …
Life cycle assessment of underground coal mining in China
To evaluate the impact of coal production on the environment, a life cycle assessment (LCA) was conducted on the mining process of a typical coal mine in China by using the SimaPro 9.0.0 software ...
Optimization model of unascertained measurement for underground mining …
An optimization model of underground mining method selection was established on the basis of the unascertained measurement theory. Considering the geologic conditions, technology, economy and safety production, ten main factors influencing the selection of mining method were taken into account, and the …
Application of Numerical Simulation Methods in Solving …
rock slopes (HSRS), we carried out a true-3D numerical simulation study for different underground mining methods, to determine the appropriate mining method. Therefore, this paper, taking Dingxi Mine in China as an example, highlights the advantages of the backfill mining method with a high
Mining Sequence Deformation and Failure Behaviour …
Underground mining methods should be primarily selected in order to utilise underground resources optimally. Ground control of excavations, driving of ventilation system, driving new mining panels and preparing underground production plans are directly linked to underground mining method selection (UMMS), the …
Failure process and mechanism analysis of rock slope …
Based on those theories, the conventional mining method (being called as 121 mining method) was established, consisting of excavating two tunnels with a pillar left for mining a working panel.
Trends in underground mining for gold and base metals
Underground hard-rock mining accounts for 40 percent of global mining operations but only 12 percent of run-of-mine (ROM) production. 1 Underground mines also tend to be more targeted, more costly, and less productive than open-pit mines. Because the choice of which underground method to deploy is predominantly driven by the …
Failure process and mechanism analysis of rock slope …
With the long-term mining of mineral resources, most mining companies which initially adopted OP mining have progressively transformed to underground mining (OP to UG mining), and this transition has resulted in mining environments with extremely unstable rock masses (Fig. 1).In China, mining areas are always initially established …